ANTHROPOLOGY AND INTERNATIONAL HEALTH


ANTHROPOLOGY 377/PH 497 Pamela Erickson, Dr. P.H., Ph.D. 
Spring 2003 Office: 431 Beach Hall
447A Beach Hall Seminar Room, Storrs Campus Phone: 486-1736 
6-9 p.m. Wednesdays  pamela.erickson@uconn.edu

Course Description and Objectives

This course examines the role of anthropology in international health.  Special attention is paid to major causes of morbidity and mortality, population issues, maternal and child health, nutrition, infectious diseases and epidemiology, health care infrastructure, underdevelopment, and emerging health issues.  The course will be conducted in seminar style.  Active participation and contribution to class discussion are expected of all students.

Assignments and Evaluation

Your grade will be based on preparation for and participation in class (50%), short assignments (20%), and a term paper (30%).  There will be no formal examinations.

Class Participation:  Students will be evaluated for their familiarity with required readings, their preparation and leadership on individual assignments, and their general class participation.  Individual readings: For most class sessions, one or more readings will be assigned to or claimed by students who have a special interest in the topic.  These students will be responsible for a thorough reading and evaluation of the assigned reading.  A short 1-3 page synopsis and critique of the reading is due at the class period prior to discussion of the reading.  These synopses will be duplicated for distribution so that class members can read them prior to the seminar in which the readings will be discussed.  Students who wrote the synopses will present the material in class and lead discussion.  Depending on class size, students can anticipate presenting 3-5 times over the semester.

Term Paper: A paper 15-20 pages in length (typed, double-spaced) is required.  Students will select a topic or issue relevant to anthropology and international health and will provide an overview of current anthropological activity in that area.  Please clear your topic with me by April 2.  All papers are due on the last day of class, April 30, when students will present a short summary of their research to the class.
 

BOOKS AND READINGS

Required Books

1. Basch, Paul F.  Textbook of International Health  1999.  New York: Oxford University Press.

2. Tsui, Amy O., Judith N. Wasserheit, and John G. Haaga (eds.)  1997.  Reproductive Health in Developing Countries.  Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

3. Howard, Mary  and Ann V. Millard  1997.   Hunger and Shame. Child Malnutrition and Poverty on Mount Kilimanjaro.  New York: Routledge.

Available on-line.

4. World Population Data Sheet 2002.  Population Reference Bureau.
http://www.prb.org//Content/ContentGroups/Datasheets/wpds2002/2002_World_Population_Data_Sheet.htm

Recommended Books

1. Chin, James, M.D., M.P.H. (ed.)   2000.  Control of Communicable Diseases Manual.  17th Edition. American Public Health Association.  Anyone interested in field work in less developed areas should own this book for reference.

2. Helman, Cecil G.  2001.  Culture, Health, and Illness. 4th ed. London: Arnold.  This book is written for health care practitioners and clearly explains the relevance of culture to health.

3. Mann, Jonathon M.,et al. (eds.)  1999.  Health and Human Rights.  New York: Routledge.

4. Williams, Cicely D., Naomi Baumslag, and Derrick B. Jelliffe  1994.  Mother and Child Health.  Delivering the Services.  3rd Edition.  New York: Oxford University Press.   A classic text on maternal and child health in the developing world.
 

Required books can be purchased at the UCONN COOP and the Health Center book store and are also on reserve at the Homer Babbidge Library and the Health Sciences Library.

Readings which are not in textbooks will be starred (*) and Xerox copies will be made available in both libraries for your use.
 
 
 

CLASS SCHEDULE
 
1.  JANUARY 22 Organizational Meeting
2.  JANUARY 29  Biases and World Views
Introduction to International Health and Anthropology
3.  FEBRUARY 5 Measuring Health: Morbidity, Mortality, and Epidemiology
4.  FEBRUARY 12 Social Context of Illness
5.  FEBRUARY 19 Environment and Infectious Disease
6.  FEBRUARY 26 Women’s Health, Family Planning, and Maternal-Infant Health
7.  MARCH 5 Child Health and Hunger
Guest: Nanette Barkey - child health in Africa
8.  MARCH 12 Chronic Disease, Injury, and Mental Health
9.  MARCH 19 - NO CLASS Spring Break - no class
Society for Applied Anthropology Meetings in Portland, OR
10. MARCH 26 Political Economy, Globalization, and Development
11. APRIL 2
Clear paper topics with me.		 Health Sector Considerations
12. APRIL 9 Complex Humanitarian Emergencies (CHE)
13. APRIL 16 Violence and Terrorism
14.  APRIL 23 Health and Human Rights
Future Prospects For World Health
15.  APRIL 30 
Term papers due.		 Student Term Paper Presentations

 
 
 

READINGS AND ASSIGNMENTS

The readings for each week will be discussed in class on that date and should be read before the class meets.  Student Readings will be assigned to individual class members for summary and presentation. * Indicates xerox copy available.
 
 

WEEK 1.         JANUARY 22          ORGANIZATIONAL MEETING

Readings:

Paul F. Basch, Introduction, pp. 1-10.

Assignment: Personal Biases and World Views
Take the quiz on pp. 1-2  in Basch.  Write a short essay (2-5 pages typed and double-spaced) explaining why you answered as you did and outlining your personal perspective on health and the world in general (see pp. 1-10).  Assignment (essays and quizzes) due in class 1/29/03.
 
 
 

WEEK 2.        JANUARY 29        BIASES AND WORLD VIEWS - class discussion
                                                    INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND ANTHROPOLOGY

Readings:

Paul F. Basch,  Historical Background, pp. 11-72.

*  Robert A. Hahn,  Anthropology and the Enhancement of Public Health Practice, pp. 3-24.

* Cecil G Helman,  Introduction: The Scope of Medical Anthropology, pp. 1-11.

* John B. McKinlay and Lisa D. Marceau   2000.  To Boldly Go…  AJPH 90(1):25-33.

Student Presentations (3):

* Hans A. Baer, Merrill Singer, and Ida Susser   Part I. What is Medical Anthropology About?

       Chapter 1, Medical Anthropology:Central Concepts and Development, pp. 3-19.

       Chapter 2, Theoretical Perspectives in Medical Anthropology,  pp. 20-36.

* Sandra D. Lane  and Robert A. Rubenstein  1996.  International Health: Problems and Programs in Anthropological Perspective, in Sargent and Johnson (eds.), pp. 396-423.
 
 

WEEK 3.         FEBRUARY 5        MEASURING HEALTH: MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, AND EPIDEMIOLOGY

Readings:

Paul F. Basch
        What We Want to Know, pp. 73-113.
        From Data to Information to Decisions, pp. 114-142.

* Cecil G. Helman, Cultural Factors in Epidemiology, pp. 218-229.

* David A. Savitz, Charles Poole, and William C. Miller   1999.  Reassessing the Role of Epidemiology in Public Health.  AJPH 89(8): 1158-1161.

* Nancy Krieger  1999.  Questioning Epidemiology: Objectivity, Advocacy, and Socially Responsible Science.  AJPH 89(8): 1151-1152.

Student Presentations (3):

*William R.  True,  Epidemiology and Medical Anthropology, in Sargent and Johnson (eds.), pp. 325-346..

* Marcia C. Inhorn, Medical Anthropology and Epidemiology: Divergences or Convergences?  Social Science and Medicine 40(3):285-290, 1995.

* Christopher J.L. Murray and Lincoln C. Chen,  Dynamics and Patterns of Mortality Change,  in Chen, Kleinman, and Ware (eds.), pp.3-24.
 
 
 

WEEK 4.      FEBRUARY 12      CONTEXT OF ILLNESS

Readings:

Paul F. Basch, Context of Illness, pp. 143-168.

* Fink, Sheri   2002.  International Efforts Spotlight Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine.  AJPH 92(11):734-1739.

* George M. Foster  An Introduction to Ethnomedicine, in  Bannerman, et al. (eds.), pp. 17-24.

* Cecil G. Helman, Caring and Curing: The Sectors of Health Care, pp. 50-78.

* James C. Riley, Ch. 3, Medicine, in Riley 2001,  pp.81-121.

* Susan C. Scrimshaw,  Culture, Behavior, and Health, in Merson, et al. (eds.), pp. 53-78.

* Editorials on T/CAM in AJPH 92(10):1561-1567.

Student Presentations (3):

* Paul E. Brodwin, Guardian Angels and Dirty Spirits: The Moral Basis of Healing Power in Rural Haiti, in Nichter (ed.)1992, pp. 57-74.

* Carol Laderman, Malay Medicine, Malay Person, in Nichter (ed.)1992, pp. 191-205.

* Susan C. Weller, et al., An Epidemiological Description of a Folk Illness: A Study of Empacho in Guatemala, in Nichter (ed.)1992, pp. 19-31.
 
 
 

WEEK 5.      FEBRUARY 19           ENVIRONMENT AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Readings:

Paul F. Basch
    Development and Health, pp. 235-252.
    Infectious Diseases: Submerging and Emerging, pp. 455-485.

* Marcia C. Inhorn and Peter J. Brown, The Anthropology of Infectious Disease,  in Inhorn and Brown (eds.), pp. 31-67.

* Peter J. Brown, Marcia C. Inhorn, and Daniel Smith, Disease, Ecology, and Human Behavior, in Sargent and Johnson (eds.), pp. 183-218.

Student Presentations (4):

MALARIA
* Peter J. Brown  Culture and the Global Resurgence of Malaria, in Inhorn and Brown (eds.), pp. 119-141.

* Peter J. Winch,  The Role of Anthropological Methods in a Community-Based Mosquito Net Intervention in Bagamoyo District, Tanzania, in Hahn (ed.), Anthropology in Public Health, 1999, pp. 44-62.

HIV/AIDS
* Paul E. Farmer, David A. Walton, and Jennifer J. Furin,  The Changing Face of AIDS: Implications for Policy and Practice, in Mayer and Pizer (eds) The Emergence of AIDS, pp. 139-161.

* Edward C. Green,  Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs, in Hahn (ed.), Anthropology in Public Health, 1999, pp. 63-83.
 
 
 

WEEK 6.   FEBRUARY 26       WOMEN’S HEALTH, SEX, FAMILY PLANNING, AND MATERNAL-INFANT HEALTH

Readings:

Paul F. Basch, Health on the Edge, pp. 170-234.

Amy O. Tsui, Judith N. Wasserheitm and John G. Haaga (eds.), pp. 20-231.
    Healthy Sexuality, pp. 20-39.
    Infection-Free Sex and Reproduction, pp. 40-84.
    Intended Births, pp. 85-115.
    Healthy Pregnancy and Childbearing, pp. 116- 145.
    Program Design and Implementation, pp. 146-177.
    Costs, Financing, and Setting Priorities, pp. 178-231.

Health Policy and Ethics Forum: The Population Debate.  2000.  AJPH 90(12):1838-1847.

* National Research Council, 1989.  Contraception and Reproduction, pp. 1-3.

Student Presentations (9):

GENDER AND POLITICS
* Sandra Lane and Donald A. Cibula   Gender and Health, pp. 136-153 in Albrecht, et al. (eds.) Handbook of Social Studies in Health and Medicine, 2000.

* Leslie Doyal,  Women’s Movements for Health, in What Makes Women Sick? Gender and the Political Economy of Health, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, pp. 197-233.

FAMILY PLANNING AND UNWANTED CHILDBEARING
* John Bongaarts  Trends in Unwanted Childbearing in the Developing World.  Studies in Family Planning, 1997, 28(4): 267-277.

* John A. Ross and W. Parker Mauldin, Family Planning Programs: Efforts and Results, 1972-94, Studies in Family Planning 27(3):137-147.

ABORTION, AND INFERTILITY
* Stanley K. Henshaw, Susheela Singh, and Taylor Haas  1999.  The Incidence of Abortion Worldwide.  International Family Planning Perspectives 25, Supplement (Jan. 1999), pp. S30-S38.

* Stanley K. Henshaw, Susheela Singh, and Taylor Haas  1999.  Recent Trends in Abortion Rates Worldwide.  International Family Planning Perspectives 25(1): 44-48..

* Susan A. Cohen  2000.  Abortion Politics and U.S. Population Aid: Coping with a Complex New Law.  International Family Planning Perspectives 26(3):137-139, 145.

* Frank van Balen and Marcia C. Inhorn, Introduction. Interpreting Infertility, in Inhorn and Balen (eds.), 2002, pp. 3-32.

REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY
* Helena Ragoné and Sharla K. Willis   Reproduction and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, pp. 308-322 in Albrecht, et al. (eds.) Handbook of Social Studies in Health and Medicine, 2000.
 
 
 

WEEK 7.      MARCH 5      CHILD HEALTH AND HUNGER

Readings:

Mary Howard and Ann V. Millard,  Hunger and Shame. Child Malnutrition and Poverty on Mount Kilimanjaro, New York: Routledge, 1997.

* Williams, Baumsleg, and Jelliffe
             Common Problems in Children, pp.112-139.

* Claudio F. Lanata,  Children's Health in Developing Countries, pp. 135-158 in Leon and Walt (eds.)  Poverty, Inequality, and Health, 2001.

* Keith P. West, Benjamin Caballero, and Robert E. Black   Nutrition, pp. 207-291 in Merson, et al. (eds.), International Public Health, 2001.

Student Presentations (1):

* Roger W. Blum, Global Trends in Adolescent Health. JAMA 265(20):2711-2719, 1991.
 
 

WEEK 8.      MARCH 12         CHRONIC DISEASE, INJURY, AND MENTAL HEALTH

Readings:

* David V. McQueen, et al.  Chronic Diseases and Injury, pp. 293-330 in Merson, et al. (eds.), International Public Health, 2001.

* In Koop, et al. (eds.), Critical Issues in Global Health, 2001.

        Goldstein, Bernard D., Environmental and Occupational Health, pp. 170-179.

        McMichael, Anthony J. and Alistair Woodward, Environmental Health, pp. 180-187.

Student Presentations:

* Mark Nichter and Elizabeth Cartwright,   Saving the Children for the Tobacco Industry, pp. 422-433 in Brown, (ed.),  Understanding and Applying Medical Anthropology, 1998.

* Gary L. Albrecht and Lois M. Verbrugge  The Global Emergence of Disability, pp. 293-307 in Albrecht, et al. (eds.) Handbook of Social Studies in Health and Medicine, 2000.

* Vikram Patel,  Poverty, Inequality and Mental Health in Developing Countries, pp. 247-262 in David Leon and Gill Walt (eds.), Poverty, Inequality, and Health. An International Perspective, 2001.
 
 

WEEK 9.    MARCH 19        Spring Break - no class                SfAA and SMA Meetings in Portland, OR
 
 
 

WEEK 10.     MARCH 26        POLITICAL ECONOMY OF INTERNATIONAL HEALTH

Readings:

Paul F. Basch
        Environment, Development, and Health, pp. 252-327.
        International Projects and Programs, pp. 295-327.
        Science and Technology, pp. 328-344.
        The Cost of Sickness and the Price of Health, pp. 345-369.

* Nancy Adler, et al.  Socioeconomic Status and Health: The Challenge of the Gradient, pp. 181-201.in Mann, et al. (eds.), Health and Human Rights, 1999.

* David A. Leon and Gill Walt, Poverty, Inequality, and Health in International Perspective: A Divided World?, pp. 1-16  in Leon and Walt (eds.)  Poverty, Inequality, and Health, 2001.

Student Prsentations (3):

* Paul Farmer   1999.  Pathologies of Power: Rethinking Health and Human Rights.  AJPH 89(10):1486-1496.

* Maureen Mackintosh,  Do Health Care Systems Contribute to Inequalities?, pp. 175-193 in Leon and Walt (eds.)  Poverty, Inequality, and Health, 2001.

* AJPH 1999 Health Policy and Ethics Forum - Sanctions
        Victor W. Sidel  1999. Can Sanctions Be Sanctioned? AJPH 89(10): 1497-1498.
        Stephen P. Marks  1999.  Economic Sanctions as Human Rights Violations: Reconciling Political and Public Health Imperatives.  AJPH 89(10):1509-1513.

* Richard Parker 2002.  The Global HIV/AIDS Pandemic, Structural Inequalities, and the Politics of International Health, AJPH 92(3):343-346.
 
 
 

WEEK 11.      APRIL 2       GLOBALIZATION AND  HEALTH CARE

Readings:

Paul F. Basch
        Inventing the Health Sector, pp. 370-407.
        Reforming the Health Sector, pp. 408-454.

* AJPH On the Other Hand - 2002 - Joseph S. Coyne and Vivente Navarro
        The World Health Report 2000: Can Health Care Systems Be Compared Using a SIngle Measure of Performance, AJPH 92(1): 30-34.

* Mark Nichter,  Project Community Diagnosis: Participatory Research as a First Step toward Community Involvement in Primary Health Care, pp. 300-324 in Hahn (ed.), Anthropology in Public Health, 1999.

* Gill Walt, Global Cooperation in International Public Health, pp. 667-699 in Merson, et al. (eds.), International Public Health, 2001.

Student Presentations:

* Globalization
         Derek Yach and Douglas Bettcher,  The Globalization of Public Health, I: Threats and Opportunities, AJPH 88(5):735-738.
         Derek Yach and Douglas Bettcher,  The Globalization of Public Health, II: The Convergence of Self-Interest and Altruism, AJPH 88(5):738-741.
         Comments on Globalization by Vicente Navarro and Milton I. Roemer, AJPH 88(5):742-744.

         Stephen J. Kunitz    2000.  Globalization, States, and the Health of Indigenous Peoples, AJPH 90(10):1531-1539.

* Re WHO
        George A. Silver, Editorial: International Health Services Need an Interorganizational Policy, AJPH 88(5):727-729.
        Don C. Des Jarlais and Allen Jones, 2001. Small World, Big Challenges: A Report from the 9th International Congress of the World Federation
            of Public Health Associations, AJPH 91(1):14-15.
 
 
 
 

WEEK 12.      APRIL 9      VIOLENCE AND TERRORISM

* WHO World Report on Violence and Health   2002.
         Summary, pp. 1-44.
         Chapter 1. Violence - A Global Public Health Problem, pp. 3-21.
         Chapter 8. Collective Violence, pp. 215-239.

* George A. Gellert  2002.  Is America More Violent than Other Societies?  In Gellert, Confronting Violence, 2nd ed, APHA, pp. 1-12.

* Barry S. Levy and Victor W. Siedel  (eds.) 2003.  Terrorism and Public Health. Oxford University Press.

        Challenges That Terrorism Poses to Public Health, pp. 3-18.
        Protecting Civil Liberties, pp. 322-334.
        Exploring the Roots of Terrorism, pp. 335-350.
        Promoting International Law, pp. 351-359.

* Allen Rosenfield, Stephen S. Morse, and Katy Yolanda  2002.  September 11: The Response and the Role of Public Health, AJPH 92(1):10-11.

* Lee Ann Hoff,  Interpersonal Violence, pp. 260-271 in Koop, et al. (eds.), Critical Issues in Global Health, 2001.

* Richard Neugebauer  1999.  Research on Violence in Developing Countries: Benefits and Perils, AJPH 89(10):1473-1474.
 
 

WEEK 13.     APRIL 16      COMPLEX HUMANITARIAN EMERGENCIES

Readings:

* Ronald Waldman and Gerald Martone  Public Health and Complex Emergencies: New Issues, New Conditions.  AJPH 89(10):1483-1485.

* Michael J. Toole, Ronald J. Waldman, and Anthony B. Zwi   Complex Humanitarian Emergencies,  in Merson, et al. (eds.), International Public Health, 2001, pp. 439-513.

* Janis H. Jenkins, The Medical Anthropology of Political Violence: A Cultural and Feminist Agenda, Medical Anthropology Quarterly 12(1): 122-131.

Student Presentations:

* In Barry S. Levy and Victor W. Sidel (eds.)  War and Public Health, 2000.

        William H. Foege,  Arms and Public Health: A Global Perspective, pp. 3-11.

        Richard M. Garfield and Alfred I. Neugut, The Human Consequences of War, pp. 27-38.

        Barry S. Levy and Victor W. Sidel, The Impact of Military Activities on Civilian       Populations, pp. 149-167.

        Mary-Wynne Ashford and Yolanda Huet-Vaughn, The Impact of War on Women, pp. 186-196.

        Michael J. Toole, Displaced Persons and War, pp. 197-212.

        Leland Miles, Education for Peace, pp. 323-335.

        Barry S. Levy and Victor W. Sidel, Preventing War and Its Health Consequences:  Roles of Public Health Professionals, pp. 388-393.

* Linda Green,  Lived Lives and Social Suffering: Problems and Concerns in Medical Anthropology, Medical Anthropology Quarterly 12(1):3-7.
 
 
 
 

WEEK. 14.   APRIL 23         HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Readings:

* Gro Harlem Brundtland   2001.  The Future of the World's Health, pp. 3-11 in Koop, et al. (eds.), Critical Issues in Global Health, 2001.

* In Jonathan M. Mann, et al. (eds.)    1999.  Health and Human Rights.

        Health and Human Rights, pp. 5-20.

        Human Rights: An Introduction, pp. 21-28.

        The Public Health - Human Rights Dialogue, pp. 46-53.

        Toward the Development of a Human Rights Impact Assessment for the Formulation and Evaluation of Public Health Policies, pp. 54-71.

        Medicine and Public Health, Ethics and Human Rights, pp.  439-452.

Student Presentations:

*  In Jonathan M. Mann, et al. (eds.)    1999.  Health and Human Rights.

        Ethnic Cleansing and Other Lies: Combining Health and Human Rights in the Search for Truth and Justice in the Former Yugoslavia, pp. 83-105.

        Rights Violations in the Ecuadorian Amazon: The  Human Consequences of Oil Development, pp. 130-144.

        Censorship and Manipulation of Family Planning Information: An Issue of Human Rights and Women's Health, pp. 145-180.

        Human Rights and AIDS: The Future of the Pandemic, pp. 216-226.

        Human Rights and Human Genetic Variation Research, pp. 380-394.

        Medical Humanitarianism and Human Rights: Reflections on Doctors Without Borders and Doctors of the World, pp. 417-435.
 
 
 

WEEK 15.      APRIL 30       STUDENT PRESENTATIONS
                                             Term papers due
 
 
 

REFERENCES

Allbrecht, Gary L.,  Ray Fitzparick, and Susan C. Scrimshaw (eds.)  2000.  The Handbook of Social Studies in Health and Medicine, SAGE.Publications.

Baer, Hans A., Merrill Singer, and Ida Susser  1997.  Medical Anthropology and the World System. A Critical Perspective.  Bergin & Garvey.

Bannerman, Robert, J. Burton, and Ch'en Wen-Chieh (eds.)  1983. Traditional Medicine and Health Care Coverage.  Geneva: World Health Organization.

Brown, Peter J. (ed.)   1998.  Understanding and Applying Medical Anthropology.  Mayfield Publishing Company.

Chen, Lincoln C.  Arthur Kleinman, and Norma C. Ware  1994.  Health and Social Change in International Perspective.  Harvard University Press.

Coreil, Jeannine and J. Dennis Mull (eds.)  1990. Anthropology and Primary Health Care, Boulder: Westview Press.

Doyal, Leslie   1995.  What Makes Women Sick? Gender and the Political Economy of Health, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

Evans, Robert G., Morris L. Barer, and Theodore R. Marmor (eds.),  1994.  Why Are Some People Healthy and Others Not?  The Determinants of Health of Populations, New York: Aldine De Gruyter.

George A. Gellert  2002.  Confronting Violence, 2nd ed. APHA.

Hahn, Robert A.  1999.  Anthropology in Public Health. Bridging Differences in Culture and Society.  New York: Oxford University Press.

Helman, Cecil G.  2001.  Culture, Health, and Illness. 4th ed. London: Arnold.

Hill, Carole E. (ed.)  1991. Training Manual in Applied Medical Anthropology.  Washington, D.C.: American Anthropological Association.

Inhorn, Marcia C. and Peter J. Brown   1997.  The Anthropology of Infectious Disease. International health Perspectives.  Gordon and Breach Publishers.

Johnson, Thomas M. and Carolyn F. Sargent (eds.)  1990.  Medical Anthropology. Contemporary Theory and Method.  New York: Praeger.

Koop, C. Everett, Clarence E. Pearson, and M. Roy Schwartz  (eds.)   2001.  Critical Issues in Global Health.  San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. A Wiley Company.

Leon, David and Gill Walt  (eds.)   2001.  Poverty, Inequality, and Health. An International Perspective. Oxford University Press.

Levy, Barry S. and Victor W. Sidel (eds.)  2000.  War and Public Health, Updated Edition. Washington, D.C.: American Public Health Association.

Levy, Barry S. and Victor W. Siedel  (eds.) 2003.  Terrorism and Public Health. Oxford University Press.

Mann, Jonathon M.,et al. (eds.)  1999.  Health and Human Rights.  New York: Routledge.

Mayer, Kenneth H. and H.F. Pizer (eds.)   2000.  The Emergence of AIDS. The Impact on Immunology, Microbiology, and Public Health.   Washington, D.C.: American Public Health Association.

Merson, Michael H., Robert E. Black, and Anne J. Mills   2001.  International Public Health. Diseases, Programs, Systems, and Policies.  Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers, Inc.

National Research Council   1989.   Contraception and Reproduction. Health Consequences for Women in the Developing World.  Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

Nichter, Mark and Mimi Nichter  1996.  Anthropology and International Health. Asian Case Studies.  Gordon and Breach Publishers.

Nichter, Mark (ed.)  1992. Anthropological Approaches to the Study of Ethnomedicine.  Gordon and Breach Science Publishers.

Paul, Benjamin D. (ed.)  1955.  Health, Culture, and Community.  Case Studies of Public Reactions to Health Programs.

Riley, James C.  2001.  Rising Life Expectancy. A Global History.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Williams, Cicely D., Naomi Baumslag, and Derrick B. Jelliffe  1994.  Mother and Child Health.  Delivering the Services.  3rd Edition.  New York: Oxford University Press

World Health Organization  2002.  World Report on Violence and Health. Geneva: WHO.